Résumé : What role does the speaking subject in saussurean theory of language, in phenomenology of Merleau-Ponty and in cognitive linguistics? The article focuses on links between experience of language, the speaking subject and semiotic expression. Central thesis of the work is that the unterstanding of the relationship between langage and langues does not passy only through the tension between the generality of language and linguistic diversity, but also the unterstanding of the collective intelligence and education in wich the individual language is involved. Language, then, is seen as a structure of social perception of the world, hinge between perceptual experience and symbolic expression. The linguistics of Saussure, then, can be considered as a form of the phenomenology of linguistics experience.