Carmela Chateau-Smith
Corpus Linguistics — Une modeste contribution à l’histoire des sciences
Résumé : Cette étude explore l'histoire de la mise en place de la linguistique de corpus au cours du vingtième siècle, à partir de 1950, en tant que changement de paradigme dans l'analyse du langage, plus particulièrement appliquée à la langue anglaise. Des parallèles seront évoquées entre le développement de la linguistique de corpus, considéré comme un changement de paradigme impulsé par des avancées technologiques et les bouleversements similaires et synchrones qui ont eu lieu dans le domaine des sciences de la Terre, impulsés de même manière par des technologies nouvelles : il s'agit du passage de la notion d'une Terre figée à la théorie de la dérive des continents et la tectonique des plaques. L'école contextualiste britannique de la linguistique de corpus sera présentée, à travers trois de ses figures clés : le précurseur, John Rupert Firth, le fondateur John McHardy Sinclair, et le visionnaire William E. (Bill) Louw, le premier à avoir compris l'importance du phénomène de la prosodie sémantique.
Abstract : This study explores the history of the development of corpus linguistics as a science, during the twentieth century, from 1950 onwards, seen as a paradigm shift in the analysis of language, with particular application to English. Parallels will be drawn between the development of corpus linguistics, considered as a paradigm shift made possible by technological progress, and the similar and synchronic upheaval which took place in the Earth Sciences, also grounded in the progress of technology, with the change from the notion of a fixed Earth to the theory of continental drift and plate tectonics. The British contextualist school of corpus linguistics will be presented through three key figures in the field : the precursor John Rupert Firth, the founder John McHardy Sinclair and the visionary William E. (Bill) Louw, the first to grasp the importance of the phenomenon of semantic prosody.
Pour citer ce document
CARMELA CHATEAU-SMITH (2013) «Corpus Linguistics — Une modeste contribution à l’histoire des sciences», [En ligne], Volume XVIII - n°2 (2013). Coordonné par Christophe Gérard,
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